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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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1994-03-25
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<text id=90TT3023>
<title>
Nov. 12, 1990: A Burger To Go -- Hold The Plastic
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
Nov. 12, 1990 Ready For War
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
ENVIRONMENT, Page 111
A Burger to Go--Hold the Plastic
</hdr>
<body>
<p>Forsaken by McDonald's, foam packaging may be on the way out
</p>
<p> Polystyrene foam is one of the great success stories of
modern industry. Light, shock-resistant, insulating and cheap
to make, it shows up everywhere: in disposable coffee cups, in
boxes that hold fast-food hamburgers, as packing "peanuts" for
safe shipping. But the stuff has a serious downside as well.
Polystyrene is bulky, taking up space in landfills; as a
plastic, it takes decades to decompose; its manufacture causes
the release of hazardous chemicals; and the market for
recycling it is hopelessly limited. Environmentalists have
argued for years that the foam should simply be banned.
</p>
<p> They now have an unlikely ally: McDonald's. The nation's
largest fast-food chain and frequent target of environmental
protests announced last week that it would begin phasing out
foam packaging within 60 days at its 8,500 U.S. restaurants. The
move came as a surprise. The company has long said the
containers were not necessarily a problem and had planned a $100
million campaign to recycle them. But ecology-minded customers
were increasingly unhappy with the packages. As a result,
McDonald's is making the phaseout part of a broad
pro-environment initiative that the company is developing in
partnership with the Washington-based Environmental Defense
Fund.
</p>
<p> McDonald's will probably replace its foam hamburger boxes
with material similar to the thin paper used to wrap its
smallest sandwiches. That is not a perfect solution either. The
paper is not yet recyclable, and while it does break down in
landfills, its production requires cutting down trees. But it
takes up 90% less space than foam when discarded, and McDonald's
is testing a paper-recycling technique in some of its California
stores. If it can find alternatives, the chain may also replace
its polystyrene plates and coffee cups.
</p>
<p> One possible substitute for some uses of polystyrene comes
straight from nature. To replace the plastic-foam pellets that
are used to protect delicate merchandise during shipping, at
least two companies in California are trying to market a
biodegradable, in fact edible, alternative: popcorn. The
drawbacks are that it is more expensive to produce than
polystyrene pellets and tends to attract rodents and insects.
Nonetheless, a handful of mail-order companies and other
shippers in the U.S., Canada and Europe have begun packing with
popcorn (butter and salt not included). Such small innovations,
along with dramatic shifts by companies like McDonald's, may
someday eliminate a major insult to the environment.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>